Income distribution measurement in Islamic perspective

Abstract

The research aims to find a measurement method for functional income distribution in Islamic perspective, realized in the practice of akad mudharabah (business partnership contract) involving three actors, namely shahibulmaal (capital owner), mudharib (manager), and labor. In order to understand in-depth the meaning of mudharabah and ijarah (employment contract), content analysis of Al-Qur’an and Hadith was conducted. Data were also taken from previous research results on the measurement of conventional income distribution and experts’views of the measurement which were obtained through interview and FGD. The analysis of the whole data resulted in the proposition of an idea to measure functional income distribution in Islamic perspective. Research results show that the calculation method of income distribution in mudharabah framework is a specific regression model, where the independent variables consist of profit sharing, trust, amanah (fulfilling trust), business characteristics, productivity, skills, prudence, and dummy of mudharabah practice versus the conventional one. Meanwhile, the dependent variable is income distribution, including the sub-variables of shahibulmaal, mudharib, and labor that will be specifically calculated with the Gini Index method.